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The Elimination of Extraterritoriality
Eliminating the Jurisdiction of British Consular Courts 1909
In 1909, Thailand and Great Britain concluded a treaty whereby Thailand ceded Kelantan, Trengganu, Kedah, Perlis and adjacent islands to Britain. In return, the British agreed that all registered British subjects, whether western or Asian, would come under the jurisdiction of the International Courts until all of Thailand 's legal codes had been promulgated and had come into force, at which time jurisdiction would be transferred to the ordinary Thai courts. All other British subjects, both western and Asian, who were registered after the date of the Treaty, were placed under the jurisdiction of ordinary Thai courts. However, it was also stipulated that a European legal adviser was to sit in the Court of First Instance in all cases in which a British subject was a defendant. Such subjects enjoyed the same rights and duties as Thai citizens but were exempt from military service. As in the cases of the French, it cannot be said that a fair exchange took place since British subjects enjoyed all the same rights and duties as Thai citizens and were even permitted to own land. Moreover, the British also acquired 4 provinces from Thailand.
In 1913, Denmark and Thailand signed a convention relating to consular jurisdiction along the same lines as Thailand 's treaty with Britain although the Thais did not have to give up anything in exchange.
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