The Ministry of Foreign Affairs would like to provide additional clarifications, through the following information, views and positions regarding current tensions along the Thai-Cambodian border:

1. The Royal Thai government has always been committed to resolving any tensions along the Thai-Cambodian border peacefully, in accordance with the commitments that both parties have made under the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) of 2000 (B.E. 2543), which clearly states that both parties must negotiate and discuss such issues within a bilateral framework using the Joint Boundary Commission (JBC) mechanism, which is in accordance with the principles of international law and the United Nations Charter in all respects.

2. According to international law, parties to any agreement which is a treaty are obligated to comply with what they have signed. The Memorandum of Understanding between Thailand and Cambodia states that any issues that arise between the parties must be solved through negotiations in the Joint Boundary Commission (JBC). There is nothing in the MOU that identifies the use of any other mechanism, including the International Court of Justice (ICJ), to address such issues instead and Thailand has strictly adhered to all obligations contained within this MOU. Therefore, it is not Thailand that is in violation of the obligations made to one another under international law by using mechanisms outside of what was previously agreed upon.

3. In resolving border issues with other neighboring countries, Thailand has also used the bilateral negotiation approach through a JBC mechanism or mechanisms comparable to the JBC, which have all made satisfactory progress. The land border negotiations with Malaysia and the Lao People’s Democratic Republic have been completed by more than 90%, which is evidence that bilateral negotiations and such mechanisms can be used effectively to produce results if there is a true intention and sincerity in implementing them, without having to rely on external mechanisms such as the ICJ. In addition to Thailand, this bilateral negotiation method is the same method that, in fact, other neighboring countries of Cambodia use to resolve border issues with Cambodia.

4. For these reasons, the Royal Thai government calls on Cambodia to strictly comply with its obligations to respect the international law on treaties that forms the basis of relations between states, by respecting and complying with what has been agreed upon, namely, bilateral negotiations to resolve the entire border issue along the entire length of the border using the JBC mechanism, including the four disputed areas that Cambodia has not yet agreed to bring up for discussion in the negotiations under the said framework, which is considered a violation of the agreement under the MOU of 2000, which clearly states that all border surveys and demarcations must be carried out jointly under the JBC mechanism, without referring the border issue to other mechanisms that have not been agreed upon.

5. Thailand has been consistently calling for and waiting patiently for Cambodia to host the JBC for over 12 years, before the latest JBC was finally held on 14-15 June 2025. Thailand would like to categorically deny the false accusation that Thailand caused the JBC process to stall. In fact, Thailand has never withdrawn from the process and has always called for it to convene and proceed. Therefore, Thailand would like to urge Cambodia to respect the mutual obligation to negotiate peacefully before resorting to other mechanisms beyond the agreed-upon methods in order to resolve the Thai-Cambodian border issue sustainably and to prevent such tensions from recurring in the future and impacting relations between the countries and the people on both sides, especially the people living along the border areas on both sides.

6. Thailand will continue to adhere to peaceful means and international law with honesty and sincerity, while being firmly committed to transforming and maintaining the border area between Thailand and Cambodia, along with other neighboring countries, into a peaceful, friendly, cooperative and developed border area for the well-being, stability, and progress of the people living along both sides of the border.